Sapphire Circular Window Sapphire Glass 90% Transmittance For Laser Window
ZMSH manufacture precision sapphire circular windows (5-300mm diameter, 0.3-20mm thick) with >85% transmittance (250-5500nm) and Mohs 9 hardness for demanding optical applications. Our comprehensive capabilities include custom AR coatings (R<0.5% per surface), precision edge treatments (beveled/safety edges), and metrology-grade surface finishes (up to λ/10 flatness). Utilizing advanced CNC machining and laser processing technologies, we achieve tight tolerances of ±0.01mm while maintaining excellent thermal stability (CTE 5.3×10⁻⁶/℃) and chemical resistance. We serve laser systems, semiconductor equipment and aerospace instrumentation markets with reliable 2-4 week lead times for custom solutions. Additional services include multi-aperture drilling, laser marking, and cleanroom packaging upon request.
Key Characteristics
1. Superior Optical Performance: The sapphire circular window achieves over 85% transmittance from 250nm to 5500nm wavelengths, with particularly outstanding performance in the 3-5μm MIR range, making it suitable for infrared thermal imaging and laser transmission applications.
2. Exceptional Mechanical Strength: With a Mohs hardness of 9, its scratch resistance is 10× greater than standard optical glass, capable of withstanding high-velocity particle impact and repeated friction.
3. Extreme Environmental Resistance: Featuring a melting point of 2040°C, it maintains stable operation at 800°C continuously (short-term tolerance up to 1800°C) while demonstrating excellent acid/alkali resistance (stable in pH 1-13 environments), suitable for chemical and marine applications.
4. Stable Thermodynamic Properties: Its low thermal expansion coefficient (5.3×10⁻⁶/°C) matches various metals and ceramics, preserving optical surface accuracy (<λ/4 @632.8nm) under rapid thermal cycling.
Technical Parameters
| Chemical Formula |
Al2O3 |
| Crystal Structure |
Hexagonal |
| Lattice Constants |
a=4.758, c=12.991 |
| Density |
3.98 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point |
2040℃ |
| Mohs Hardness |
9 |
| Thermal Expansion |
8.4 x 10-6/℃ |
| Thermal Conductivity |
52 W/m/K |
| Specific Heat |
0.42 J/g/K |
| Laser Action |
4-Level Vibronic |
| Fluorescence Lifetime |
3.2μs at 300K |
| Tuning Range |
660nm ~ 1050nm |
| Absorption Range |
400nm ~ 600nm |
| Emission Peak |
795 nm |
| Absorption Peak |
488 nm |
| Refractive Index |
1.76 at 800nm |
| Peak Cross Section |
3.4 x 10-19cm2 |
Primary Applications
1. Laser Optical Systems: Serving as output windows and protective lenses for CO₂ and fiber lasers, sapphire circular windows withstand high-power laser irradiation (>5kW/cm²) while minimizing thermal lensing effects.
2. High-Temperature Industrial Observation: Used as viewports in steelmaking and glass-forming equipment, maintaining optical clarity above 1000°C without the fogging or deformation issues of conventional glass.
3. Aerospace and Defense: Employed as protective windows for aircraft electro-optical sensors and missile seekers, combining lightweight properties (density 3.98g/cm³) with impact resistance against supersonic aerodynamic heating.
4. Scientific Instruments and Medical Devices: Providing biocompatible surfaces and stable optical channels for synchrotron radiation equipment and endoscopes.
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